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VNC Viewer请求超时解决方案 、灰屏解决方案(gnome或xfce4)

2023-05-22 00:39| 来源: 网络整理| 查看: 265

VNC Viewer 请求超时 问题

连接时提示:Timed out waiting for a response from the computer

在这里插入图片描述

在通过VNC Viewer连接虚拟桌面时,出现了连接超时的现象,一般出现这种问题,首先考虑一下是不是服务器IP 或 VNC端口号 输入错误导致。 经过排查后,确认IP和端口号都是正确的,尝试各种方法后发现问题所在:

服务器可能打开了防火墙,通过服务器外部IP无法访问某些服务,导致连接超时。

解决方案

只需要在服务器中手动开启相应的端口号,VNC Viewer就能够访问了。

首先查看当前防火墙的规则:

#查看当前的规则和对应的编号,需要使用root权限 sudo iptables -L -n --line-number

在这里插入图片描述 下面还有很多规则,图中的两个端口是与VNC相关的端口,一个是52号桌面的端口,一个是9号桌面的端口,之前的规则中只有对09的规则,图中的52是后来添加的。

由于之前的规则中并没有开放52号桌面的端口,所以手动进行开启。 首先要获取52号桌面的端口号,VNC的默认端口是从5901开始的,即1号桌面的端口为5901,相应的52号桌面的端口号为5952,如果不确定或为了稳妥,可以使用下面的命令查看个人用户下所有VNC的端口号。

netstat -lp|grep -i vnc

在这里插入图片描述 可以得到,52号桌面的端口号为:5952

然后,手动将开启52端口的规则,加入防火墙规则的命令如下:

sudo iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 5952 -j ACCEPT

开启端口后VNC Viewer就可以访问端口52对应的VNC了。

gnome桌面灰屏

注:在gnome环境下的安装不一定能够成功,如果你的系统是16.04或18.04,直接向后翻,看xfce4的方案。 打开桌面后为灰屏状态,鼠标为 ‘X’ 状,无法进行任何操作。 在这里插入图片描述 如果你之前已经配置了xstartup文件,且运行正常,可以尝试一下命令,安装gnome需要的包,或对这些包进行更新。

sudo apt-get install gnome-panel gnome-settings-daemon metacity nautilus gnome-terminal

在安装或更新后,如果还是灰屏,说明是xstartup的问题。

我们打开 amax-sys:52.log 文件,查看桌面的日志:

Xvnc Free Edition 4.1.1 - built Feb 25 2015 23:02:21 Copyright (C) 2002-2005 RealVNC Ltd. See http://www.realvnc.com for information on VNC. Underlying X server release 40300000, The XFree86 Project, Inc Mon Nov 8 14:25:29 2021 vncext: VNC extension running! vncext: Listening for VNC connections on port 5952 vncext: created VNC server for screen 0 error opening security policy file /etc/X11/xserver/SecurityPolicy Could not init font path element /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/Type1/, removing from list! Could not init font path element /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/Speedo/, removing from list! Could not init font path element /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/misc/, removing from list! Could not init font path element /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/, removing from list! Could not init font path element /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi/, removing from list! Could not init font path element /usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi/, removing from list! Could not init font path element /usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi/, removing from list! sh: /home/liushuo/.vnc/xstartup: Permission denied

从最后一句中,得到xstartup文件的权限不足,查看xstartup的权限: 在这里插入图片描述

可以看到xstartup只有读写权限,因此我们为xstartup添加执行权限。

chmod +x .vnc/xstartup

在这里插入图片描述 然后重新生成52号桌面

vncserver -kill :52 vncserver -geometry 1920x1080 :52

打开桌面后,菜单栏可以正常显示,程序和终端都可以正常运行,但是桌面和图标无法显示,且程序运行很慢。 在这里插入图片描述

查看日志文件:

Xvnc Free Edition 4.1.1 - built Feb 25 2015 23:02:21 Copyright (C) 2002-2005 RealVNC Ltd. See http://www.realvnc.com for information on VNC. Underlying X server release 40300000, The XFree86 Project, Inc Mon Nov 8 17:17:22 2021 vncext: VNC extension running! vncext: Listening for VNC connections on port 5951 vncext: created VNC server for screen 0 error opening security policy file /etc/X11/xserver/SecurityPolicy Could not init font path element /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/Type1/, removing from list! Could not init font path element /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/Speedo/, removing from list! Could not init font path element /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/misc/, removing from list! Could not init font path element /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/, removing from list! Could not init font path element /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi/, removing from list! Could not init font path element /usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi/, removing from list! Could not init font path element /usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi/, removing from list! /home/liushuo/.vnc/xstartup: line 16: gnome-settings-daemon: command not found metacity-Message: 17:17:25.351: could not find XKB extension.

原因是没有 gnome-settings-daemon 命令,也就是gnome-settings-daemon没有安装成功。 我通过 apt-get 安装没有出现问题,但是通过 ps -A | grep gnome 查找不到gnome-settings-daemon的信息。 在这里插入图片描述 搞了半天不知道问题出在哪里,知道解决方案的大佬可以交流一下。 我的xstartup内容如下:

#!/bin/sh # Uncomment the following two lines for normal desktop: # unset SESSION_MANAGER # exec /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc # dbus-launch startxfce4 [ -x /etc/vnc/xstartup ] && exec /etc/vnc/xstartup [ -r $HOME/.Xresources ] && xrdb $HOME/.Xresources xsetroot -solid grey vncconfig -iconic & gnome-panel & gnome-settings-daemon & metacity & nautilus & gnome-terminal &

如果你的gnome-settings-daemon正常,修改xstartup的权限后,桌面应该就出来了。 如果你和我出现一样的问题,且Ubuntu系统为16.04或18.04,可以选择安装另一种桌面环境:Xfce4。

xfce4方案

安装方式也非常简单,此处默认系统已经安装了vncserver,如果没有安装,使用如下命令进行安装:

sudo apt-get install vnc4server

然后安装xfce

sudo apt-get install xfce4

可以使用如下命令,查看是否安装成功:

ps -A | grep xfce4

在这里插入图片描述 修改配置文件xstartup为:

#!/bin/sh # Uncomment the following two lines for normal desktop: # unset SESSION_MANAGER # exec /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc dbus-launch startxfce4 [ -x /etc/vnc/xstartup ] && exec /etc/vnc/xstartup [ -r $HOME/.Xresources ] && xrdb $HOME/.Xresources xsetroot -solid grey vncconfig -iconic & x-terminal-emulator -geometry 80x24+10+10 -ls -title "$VNCDESKTOP Desktop" & x-window-manager & xrdb $HOME/.Xresources

然后重新生成52号桌面即可

vncserver -kill :52 vncserver -geometry 1920x1080 :52

在这里插入图片描述 附当前正常使用的VNC的log文件:

Xvnc Free Edition 4.1.1 - built Feb 25 2015 23:02:21 Copyright (C) 2002-2005 RealVNC Ltd. See http://www.realvnc.com for information on VNC. Underlying X server release 40300000, The XFree86 Project, Inc Mon Nov 8 19:08:30 2021 vncext: VNC extension running! vncext: Listening for VNC connections on port 5951 vncext: created VNC server for screen 0 error opening security policy file /etc/X11/xserver/SecurityPolicy Could not init font path element /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/Type1/, removing from list! Could not init font path element /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/Speedo/, removing from list! Could not init font path element /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/misc/, removing from list! Could not init font path element /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/, removing from list! Could not init font path element /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi/, removing from list! Could not init font path element /usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi/, removing from list! Could not init font path element /usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi/, removing from list! /usr/bin/startxfce4: X server already running on display :51 gpg-agent[42352]: WARNING: "--write-env-file" is an obsolete option - it has no effect gpg-agent: a gpg-agent is already running - not starting a new one (xfce4-session:42337): xfce4-session-WARNING **: 19:08:34.025: gpg-agent returned no PID in the variables (xfce4-session:42337): xfce4-session-WARNING **: 19:08:34.026: xfsm_manager_load_session: Something wrong with /home/liushuo/.cache/sessions/xfce4-session-amax-sys:51, Does it exist? Permissions issue? vmware-user: could not open /proc/fs/vmblock/dev (xfwm4:42355): xfwm4-WARNING **: 19:08:34.063: The display does not support the XRender extension. (xfwm4:42355): xfwm4-WARNING **: 19:08:34.063: The display does not support the XComposite extension. (xfwm4:42355): xfwm4-WARNING **: 19:08:34.063: The display does not support the XDamage extension. (xfwm4:42355): xfwm4-WARNING **: 19:08:34.064: The display does not support the XFixes extension. (xfwm4:42355): xfwm4-WARNING **: 19:08:34.064: Compositing manager disabled. (xfsettingsd:42371): xfsettingsd-CRITICAL **: 19:08:34.076: RANDR extension is too old, version 1.1. Display settings won't be applied. Xlib: extension "XInputExtension" missing on display ":51.0". (xfsettingsd:42371): xfsettingsd-CRITICAL **: 19:08:34.076: XI is not present. (xfsettingsd:42371): xfsettingsd-CRITICAL **: 19:08:34.076: Failed to initialize the Xkb extension. (xfsettingsd:42371): xfsettingsd-CRITICAL **: 19:08:34.076: Failed to initialize the Accessibility extension. ** (update-notifier:42372): WARNING **: 19:08:34.100: already running? xfwm4-Message: 19:08:34.112: Unsupported keyboard modifier 'Tab' (polkit-gnome-authentication-agent-1:42374): GLib-CRITICAL **: 19:08:34.115: g_variant_new_string: assertion 'string != NULL' failed (polkit-gnome-authentication-agent-1:42374): polkit-gnome-1-WARNING **: 19:08:34.116: Failed to register client: GDBus.Error:org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.ServiceUnknown: The name org.gnome.SessionManager was not provided by any .service files (xfwm4:42355): xfwm4-WARNING **: 19:08:34.117: Cannot find visual format on screen 0 xfwm4-Message: 19:08:34.160: Unsupported keyboard modifier 'Tab' (nm-applet:42367): nm-applet-WARNING **: 19:08:34.220: GDBus.Error:org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.AgentManager.PermissionDenied: An agent with this ID is already registered for this user. (nm-applet:42367): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:08:34.255: Can't set a parent on widget which has a parent Failure: Module initialization failed ** (xfdesktop:42363): WARNING **: 19:08:34.472: Failed to set the background '/usr/share/backgrounds/xfce/xfce-teal.jpg': GDBus.Error:org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.InvalidArgs: No such interface 'org.freedesktop.DisplayManager.AccountsService'

仍有一些警告,但桌面已经可以正常使用。

参考

端口: https://www.jianshu.com/p/b3068288d80d https://www.cnblogs.com/ding2016/p/8031926.html

vnc错误排查: https://blog.csdn.net/CH_sir/article/details/107930881 https://junchu.blog.csdn.net/article/details/103974974 https://blog.csdn.net/qq695165856/article/details/105677776

灰屏: https://www.freesion.com/article/85721281890/

xfce4: https://www.cnblogs.com/kerrycode/p/4790021.html https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_34174422/article/details/93689750 https://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2018-08/153435.htm



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