日常用的所谓的委婉客气请求等句式(用动词的过去式)属于虚拟语气吗 | 您所在的位置:网站首页 › 委婉语气英语 › 日常用的所谓的委婉客气请求等句式(用动词的过去式)属于虚拟语气吗 |
我发现,网友 Loyd19731214 最近提了许多关于“虚拟语气”的问题。不过,有一点我需要提醒网友:“虚拟语气”也是动词的一种形式,不要一见到“虚拟语气”就认为 “与...不符;与...相反;是假的不是真的”。 这些概念都曲解了“虚拟语气”的内涵,“虚拟语气”的用法和内容远比这些要广泛的多。“虚拟语气”除了表示一种非真实的假设,与事实不符甚至相反的情况外,它还可以表示说话人的一种愿望、建议、命令、要求,目的,推测,等等。 交际英语中的“过去式”表示“现在”,可以放在“虚拟语气”的范围。 在交际用语中,说话人为了表示礼貌或客气,常用过去式来表达现在的情况。例如: Would you please do me a favor? Would you mind if I opened the door? I’d appreciate it if you could be quiet. Wouldn’t it be great if you explained the reason to us? 这些would 并不表示“过去”,而是现在或将来。有些动词包括情态动词,其过去式表示现在的情况,属于一种委婉表达。除了would 之外,could 和might 也同样可以用来表达现在的婉转请求、建议、疑问或看法。例如: Could you tell me the way to the station? 请告诉我去车站的路好吗? Could I speak to you in private a moment, John? 约翰,我可以单独跟你说一会儿话吗 Oh, how could you be so stupid? 哎呀,你怎么这么蠢啊! It's boring to walk all alone. Couldn't you go for walks with your friends? 一个人走路很没意思。你可以和朋友们一起去散步呀? Might I ask what you're doing here? 我可不可以问一下,您在这里干什么? You might as well bring me a chocolate next time.你下次最好给我带块巧克力来。 I might well regret it later. 我很可能以后会对此后悔的。 The paper says that it might rain tomorrow. 报上说明天可能下雨。 I have got a lot of books that might interest you. 我有许多书,也许你感兴趣呢。 The drivers, as you might imagine, didn't care much for that. 和想象中的一样,这些司机对此并不太在意。 【比较】 Could I use your telephone? (意味着I'm not sure if you will allow me to use your phone.) Might I use your telephone? (意味着If I don't break it, would you mind my using your phone?) 此外,一些表示“想法,愿望”的动词,如:wonder, hope, think, want等,它们的过去式可以表示现在婉转的想法或愿望。 I was wondering if you could lend me a hand. (是现在的委婉建议) We hoped you would do us a favor now. (指现在婉转的希望) I thought you might like this flower.(指现在的情况,但不敢肯定。) I wanted to ask you a question now.(担心对方不给回答,属于婉转。) Did you wish to see me at present? (属现在的委婉请求。) |
CopyRight 2018-2019 实验室设备网 版权所有 |