【精选】iOS 权限设置判断和跳转

#【精选】iOS 权限设置判断和跳转| 来源: 网络整理| 查看: 265

一、权限设置

iOS 10以后，苹果增强了对用户隐私的保护，访问照相机、相册、麦克风、定位、通讯录等，都需要在info.plist 文件中添加权限，而且少一个都不行。根据需要添加，项目中使用了什么，就添加对应的权限。

权限字段相册使用权限Privacy - Photo Library Usage Description编辑相册权限Privacy - Photo Library Additions Usage Description相机权限Privacy - Camera Usage Description通讯录权限Privacy - Contacts Usage Description麦克风权限Privacy - Microphone Usage Description蓝牙权限Privacy - Bluetooth Peripheral Usage Description定位权限Privacy - Location Always Usage Description定位权限Privacy - Location Usage Description定位权限Privacy - Location When In Use Usage Description定位权限Privacy - Location Always and When In Use Usage Description媒体库权限Privacy - Media Library Usage Description日历权限Privacy - Calendars Usage Description提醒事项权限Privacy - Reminders Usage DescriptionFaceID权限Privacy - Face ID Usage Description健康记录权限Privacy - Health Records Usage Description健康分享权限Privacy - Health Share Usage Description健康更新权限Privacy - Health Update Usage Description运动权限Privacy - Motion Usage Description音乐权限Privacy - Music Usage DescriptionNFC权限Privacy - NFC Scan Usage DescriptionSiri权限Privacy - Siri Usage Description语音识别权限Privacy - Speech Recognition Usage Description智能家具权限Privacy - HomeKit Usage Description电视供应商权限Privacy - TV Provider Usage Description视频用户账号使用权限Privacy - Video Subscriber Account Usage Description

事例：

Privacy - Camera Usage Description APP需要选择视频进行编辑，请允许访问您的相机 Privacy - Microphone Usage Description APP需要选择视频进行编辑，请允许访问您的麦克风 Privacy - Photo Library Additions Usage Description APP需要导出视频到相册，请允许访问您的相册二、权限判断

在 APP 的开发中，有很多功能是需要用户授权了之后才能使用，这里将常用的权限判断做一下总结。

2.1 网络权限 @import CoreTelephony; //引入头文件 //应用启动后，检测应用中是否有联网权限 CTCellularData *cellularData = [[CTCellularData alloc]init]; cellularData.cellularDataRestrictionDidUpdateNotifier = ^(CTCellularDataRestrictedState state){ //获取联网状态 switch (state) { case kCTCellularDataRestricted: NSLog(@"Restricrted"); break; case kCTCellularDataNotRestricted: NSLog(@"Not Restricted"); break; case kCTCellularDataRestrictedStateUnknown: NSLog(@"Unknown"); break; default: break; }; }; //查询应用是否有联网功能 CTCellularData *cellularData = [[CTCellularData alloc]init]; CTCellularDataRestrictedState state = cellularData.restrictedState; switch (state) { case kCTCellularDataRestricted: NSLog(@"Restricrted"); break; case kCTCellularDataNotRestricted: NSLog(@"Not Restricted"); break; case kCTCellularDataRestrictedStateUnknown: NSLog(@"Unknown"); break; default: break; } 2.2 相册权限（ iOS 8.0以上） @import Photos; 导入头文件 //检查是否有相册权限 PHAuthorizationStatus photoAuthorStatus = [PHPhotoLibrary authorizationStatus]; switch (photoAuthorStatus) { case PHAuthorizationStatusAuthorized: NSLog(@"Authorized"); break; case PHAuthorizationStatusDenied: NSLog(@"Denied"); break; case PHAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined: NSLog(@"not Determined"); break; case PHAuthorizationStatusRestricted: NSLog(@"Restricted"); break; default: break; } //获取相册权限 [PHPhotoLibrary requestAuthorization:^(PHAuthorizationStatus status) { if (status == PHAuthorizationStatusAuthorized) { NSLog(@"Authorized"); }else{ NSLog(@"Denied or Restricted"); } }]; 2.3 相机和麦克风权限 @import AVFoundation; //导入头文件 //检查是否有相机或麦克风权限 //相机权限 AVAuthorizationStatus AVstatus = [AVCaptureDevice authorizationStatusForMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo]; //麦克风权限 AVAuthorizationStatus AVstatus = [AVCaptureDevice authorizationStatusForMediaType:AVMediaTypeAudio]; switch (AVstatus) { case AVAuthorizationStatusAuthorized: NSLog(@"Authorized"); break; case AVAuthorizationStatusDenied: NSLog(@"Denied"); break; case AVAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined: NSLog(@"not Determined"); break; case AVAuthorizationStatusRestricted: NSLog(@"Restricted"); break; default: break; } //获取相机或麦克风权限 //相机权限 [AVCaptureDevice requestAccessForMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo completionHandler:^(BOOL granted) { if (granted) { NSLog(@"Authorized"); }else{ NSLog(@"Denied or Restricted"); } }]; //麦克风权限 [AVCaptureDevice requestAccessForMediaType:AVMediaTypeAudio completionHandler:^(BOOL granted) { if (granted) { NSLog(@"Authorized"); }else{ NSLog(@"Denied or Restricted"); } }]; 2.4 定位权限 @import CoreLocation; //导入头文件 //检查定位功能是否可用 BOOL isLocation = [CLLocationManager locationServicesEnabled]; if (!isLocation) { NSLog(@"not turn on the location"); } //检查定位权限 CLAuthorizationStatus CLstatus = [CLLocationManager authorizationStatus]; switch (CLstatus) { case kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedAlways: NSLog(@"Always Authorized"); break; case kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedWhenInUse: NSLog(@"AuthorizedWhenInUse"); break; case kCLAuthorizationStatusDenied: NSLog(@"Denied"); break; case kCLAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined: NSLog(@"not Determined"); break; case kCLAuthorizationStatusRestricted: NSLog(@"Restricted"); break; default: break; } 获取定位权限 CLLocationManager *manager = [[CLLocationManager alloc] init]; //一直获取定位信息 [manager requestAlwaysAuthorization]; //使用的时候获取定位信息 [manager requestWhenInUseAuthorization]; //在代理方法中查看权限是否改变 - (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didChangeAuthorizationStatus:(CLAuthorizationStatus)status{ switch (status) { case kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedAlways: NSLog(@"Always Authorized"); break; case kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedWhenInUse: NSLog(@"AuthorizedWhenInUse"); break; case kCLAuthorizationStatusDenied: NSLog(@"Denied"); break; case kCLAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined: NSLog(@"not Determined"); break; case kCLAuthorizationStatusRestricted: NSLog(@"Restricted"); break; default: break; } } 2.5 推送权限 //检查是否有推送权限 UIUserNotificationSettings *settings = [[UIApplication sharedApplication] currentUserNotificationSettings]; switch (settings.types) { case UIUserNotificationTypeNone: NSLog(@"None"); break; case UIUserNotificationTypeAlert: NSLog(@"Alert Notification"); break; case UIUserNotificationTypeBadge: NSLog(@"Badge Notification"); break; case UIUserNotificationTypeSound: NSLog(@"sound Notification'"); break; default: break; } //获取推送权限 UIUserNotificationSettings *setting = [UIUserNotificationSettings settingsForTypes:UIUserNotificationTypeSound | UIUserNotificationTypeAlert | UIUserNotificationTypeBadge categories:nil]; [[UIApplication sharedApplication] registerUserNotificationSettings:setting]; 2.6 通讯录权限（iOS9.0及以后） @import Contacts; //导入头文件 //检查是否有通讯录权限 CNAuthorizationStatus status = [CNContactStore authorizationStatusForEntityType:CNEntityTypeContacts]; switch (status) { case CNAuthorizationStatusAuthorized: { NSLog(@"Authorized:"); } break; case CNAuthorizationStatusDenied:{ NSLog(@"Denied"); } break; case CNAuthorizationStatusRestricted:{ NSLog(@"Restricted"); } break; case CNAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:{ NSLog(@"NotDetermined"); } break; } //获取通讯录权限 CNContactStore *contactStore = [[CNContactStore alloc] init]; [contactStore requestAccessForEntityType:CNEntityTypeContacts completionHandler:^(BOOL granted, NSError * _Nullable error) { if (granted) { NSLog(@"Authorized"); }else{ NSLog(@"Denied or Restricted"); } }]; 2.7 日历、备忘录权限 @import EventKit; //导入头文件 typedef NS_ENUM(NSUInteger, EKEntityType) { EKEntityTypeEvent, //日历 EKEntityTypeReminder //备忘 }; //检查是否有日历或者备忘录权限 EKAuthorizationStatus EKstatus = [EKEventStore authorizationStatusForEntityType:EKEntityTypeEvent]; switch (EKstatus) { case EKAuthorizationStatusAuthorized: NSLog(@"Authorized"); break; case EKAuthorizationStatusDenied: NSLog(@"Denied'"); break; case EKAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined: NSLog(@"not Determined"); break; case EKAuthorizationStatusRestricted: NSLog(@"Restricted"); break; default: break; } //获取日历或备忘录权限 EKEventStore *store = [[EKEventStore alloc]init]; [store requestAccessToEntityType:EKEntityTypeEvent completion:^(BOOL granted, NSError * _Nullable error) { if (granted) { NSLog(@"Authorized"); }else{ NSLog(@"Denied or Restricted"); } }]; 三、跳转到权限设置页面

在 APP 开发中，经常需要使用到一些权限，比如相机、定位、通知等，这些权限都需要用户授权之后，才能进行使用。一般的，当系统第一次需要用到这些功能时，系统会主动弹出授权提示框，询问用户是否同意 APP 使用该功能。如果用户选择了拒绝授权，那么用户就不能使用改功能。那么在用户拒绝授权之后，如何重新去授权使用该功能呢？通常有两种做法：

不做跳转，只弹出提示框，告知用户去 “设置 > 隐私 > 相机” 开启使用相机功能；弹框提示，并跳转到设置的子界面；

方案一是苹果推荐的方法，因为苹果不建议开发者直接跳转到设置的子界面，并且苹果将跳转到设置子界面的一些 API 改成了私有的 API，所以方案二其实上架是有被拒的风险，但是从用户体验来讲，方案二显然更友好，所以开发者自己决定用哪种方案去实现吧，下面直接介绍方案二的实现代码。

// iOS 8.1 ~ iOS 14 - (void)pushSettingController { NSURL *url1 = [NSURL URLWithString:@"App-Prefs:root=NOTIFICATIONS_ID"]; NSURL *url2 = [NSURL URLWithString:UIApplicationOpenSettingsURLString]; if (@available(iOS 11.0, *)) { if ([[UIApplication sharedApplication] canOpenURL:url2]){ [[UIApplication sharedApplication] openURL:url2 options:@{} completionHandler:nil]; } } else { if ([[UIApplication sharedApplication] canOpenURL:url1]){ if (@available(iOS 10.0, *)) { [[UIApplication sharedApplication] openURL:url1 options:@{} completionHandler:nil]; } else { [[UIApplication sharedApplication] openURL:url1]; } } } }

附：设置页面对应的字符串

页面名称对应字符串照片与相机App-Prefs:root=Photos隐私->麦克风App-Prefs:root=Privacy&path=MICROPHONE隐私->定位App-Prefs:root=Privacy&path=LOCATION隐私->相机App-Prefs:root=Privacy&path=CAMERA个人热点App-Prefs:root=INTERNET_TETHERING运营商App-Prefs:root=Carrier无线局域网App-Prefs:root=WIFI蜂窝移动网络App-Prefs:root=MOBILE_DATA_SETTINGS_ID蓝牙App-Prefs:root=Bluetooth通知App-Prefs:root=NOTIFICATIONS_ID 页面名称对应字符串通用App-Prefs:root=General通用-关于本机App-Prefs:root=General&path=About通用-键盘App-Prefs:root=General&path=Keyboard通用-辅助功能App-Prefs:root=General&path=ACCESSIBILITY通用-语言与地区App-Prefs:root=General&path=INTERNATIONAL通用-还原App-Prefs:root=Reset墙纸App-Prefs:root=WallpaperSiriApp-Prefs:root=SIRI隐私App-Prefs:root=PrivacySafariApp-Prefs:root=SAFARI音乐App-Prefs:root=MUSIC音乐-均衡器App-Prefs:root=MUSIC&path=com.apple.Music:EQFaceTimeApp-Prefs:root=FACETIME 四、打开任意APP设置页面

采用逆向开发的手段，通过Hook可以实现跳转到任意APP的设置页面。

#import @interface LSApplicationWorkspaceHook : NSObject + (instancetype)defaultWorkspace; - (void)openURL:(NSURL *)url; - (void)openWeChat; @end #import "LSApplicationWorkspaceHook.h" @implementation LSApplicationWorkspaceHook -(void)openWeChat { // 调用 LSApplicationWorkspace 的单例方法 Class aClass = NSClassFromString(@"LSApplicationWorkspace"); LSApplicationWorkspaceHook *hook = [aClass defaultWorkspace]; // 调用 LSApplicationWorkspace 的 `openURL:` 方法 [hook openURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"app-prefs:com.tencent.xin"]]; } @end

调用打开微信设置页面：

[[LSApplicationWorkspaceHook alloc] openWeChat];

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