英语语法

一、在平常英语句子中，常用的过去分词有： begin(开始) began begun drink(喝) drank drunk ring(铃响) rang rung sing (唱) sang sung swim(游泳) swam swum blow(吹) blew blown draw(画) drew drawn fly(飞) flew flown grow(生长) grew grown know(知道) knew known throw(投掷) threw thrown show(出示) showed shown break(打破) broke broken choose(选择) chose chosen forget(忘记) forgot forgotten (forgot) speak(说，讲) spoke spoken wake(醒) woke woken drive(驾驶) drove driven eat(吃) ate eaten fall(落下) fell fallen give(给) gave given rise(升高) rose risen take(取) took taken ride(骑) rode ridden write(写) wrote written do(做) did done go(去) went gone lie(平躺) lay lain see(看见) saw seen wear (穿) wore worn cost(花费)cost cost cut(割) cut cut hit(打) hit hit hurt(伤害) hurt hurt let(让) let let put(放) put put read(读) read read

二、这里需要注意的是：不规则动词的过去式是同学们学习的重点，也是一个难点。我们应通过不规则动词的动词原形和它们的过去式找出其变化规律，比如： 1. 把动词原形中的o改为a，变成过去式。过去分词不变．如： become—became, come—came 2．把动词原形中的i改为a，变成过去式。如： begin—began，drink—drank，give—gave，ring—rang，sing—sang，sit—sat，swim—swam ，sink—sank， 3．把重读开音节中的i改为o，变成过去式。如： drive—drove，ride—rode，shine—shone，win—won，write—wrote 4．动词原形中的e改为o，变成过去式。如： get—got，forget—forgot 5．动词原形中的eep改为ept，变成过去式。如： keep—kept，sleep—slept，sweep—swept 6. 动词原形中的an改为oo，变成过去式。如： stand—stood，understand—understood 7．改动词原形中的aw ／ow为ew，变成过去式。如： draw—drew，grow—grew，know—knew，throw—threw（动词show除外，show—showed） 8．动词原形中的eak改为oke，变成过去式。如： break—broke，speak—spoke 9．动词原形中的ell改为old，变成过去式。如： sell—sold，tell—told 10．以ought和aught结尾，且读音是［ :t］的过去式。如： bring—brought，buy—bought，think—thought，catch—caught，teach—taught 11．以ould结尾且读音为［ud］的情态动词过去式。如： can—could，shall—should，will—would 12．在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式，并且发生音变。如： hear［hi ］—heard［h :d］， say［sei］—said［sed］， mean［mi:n］—meant［ment］， dream—dreamt ［dremt］ 13．动词的过去式与动词原形一样。如： cut—cut, hit—hit, hurt—hurt, let—let，must—must， put—put，read—read［red］，set—set 14. 动词的过去式有两种形式。如： dream—dreamed/ dreamt learn—learnt/ learned shine—shone/ shined smell—smelt/ smelled wake—woke/ waked